Efektivitas Ekstrak Biji dan Daun Sirsak untuk Pengendalian Hama Walang Sangit pada Tanaman Padi
Keywords:
biopestisida, efektivitas, biji, daun, sirsak, walang sangit, padiAbstract
Beberapa tumbuhan di Indonesia memiliki potensi dalam mengendalikan populasi hama atau dikenal dengan istilah biopestisida atau lebih spesifik sebagai pestisida nabati. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas biji dan daun sirsak (Annona muricata) sebagai biopestisida pengendali hayati terhadap salah satu organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT) pada padi, yaitu walang sangit (Leptocorisa acuta). Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) melalui tiga perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Tahapan kerja meliputi penyiapan wadah, ekstraksi biji dan daun sirsak, dan pengaplikasian ekstrak pada hama walang sangit. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan ANAVA dan uji BNT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah walang sangit yang mati untuk P0, P1, P2, dan P3 secara berturut adalah 0, 25, 25, dan 32 ekor. Uji ANAVA menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan, dan hasil uji BNT menunjukkan bahwa ketiga perlakuan memiliki efektivitas yang tidak jauh berbeda. Hanya saja P1 dianggap lebih efisien karena mampu membunuh banyak hama dengan konsentrasi yang paling kecil (25%) atau perbandingan ekstrak biji dan daun sirsak dengan air 1:3. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak biji dan daun sirsak terhadap mortalitas hama walang sangit pada tanaman padi secara statistik memberikan pengaruh nyata dalam upaya pengendalian OPT tersebut. Konsentrasi ekstrak yang paling baik yaitu 25% + 75 ml air.
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References
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[14] F. Amroini, “Toksisitas Campuran Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper Betle L.) dengan Ekstrak Biji Sirsak (Annona Muricata L.) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti L. dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Buku Ilmiah Populer,” 2016.
[15] D. Susanti, R. Widyastuti, A. Sulistyo, and A. Sulistyo, “Aktifitas Anteefedant dan Antioviposisi Ekstrak Daun Thitonia Terhadap Kutu Kebul Aktivitas Antifeedant dan Antioviposisi Ekstrak Daun Tithonia terhadap Kutu Kebul Antifeedant and Anti-oviposition Activities of Tithonia Leaf Extract to Giant Whitefly,” Agrosains, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 33–38, 2015, Accessed: Aug. 28, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/agrosains/article/view/18666.
[16] M. A. E. M. Sihombing and S. Samino, “Daya Repelensi Biopestisida Terhadap Walang Sangit ( Leptocorisa oratorius , Fabricus ) di Laboratorium,” J. Biotropika, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 99–103, 2015, Accessed: Aug. 16, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://biotropika.ub.ac.id/index.php/biotropika/article/view/364.
[17] A. Prakash, J. Rao, and V. Nandagopal, “Future of botanical pesticides in rice, wheat, pulses and vegetables pest management,” J. Biopestic., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 154–169, 2008, Accessed: Aug. 28, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://www.jbiopest.com/users/lw8/efiles/anand prakash_4_1.pdf.
[18] M. T. Sutriadi, E. S. Harsanti, S. Wahyuni, and A. Wihardjaka, “Pestisida Nabati: Prospek Pengendali Hama Ramah Lingkungan,” J. Sumberd. Lahan, vol. 13, no. 2, p. 89, 2019, doi: 10.21082/jsdl.v13n2.2019.89-101.
[19] D. R. Vudem, N. R. Poduri, and V. R. Khareedu, Pest and Pathogens: Management Strategies. Hyderabad, India: BS Publications, 2011.
[2] H. Hamid, “PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI PADI DI KECAMATAN PALLANGGA, KABUPATEN GOWA, PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN,” Khazanah Ilmu Berazam, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 32–48, 2018, Accessed: Aug. 24, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://www.ejournal.ymbz.or.id/index.php/KIB/article/view/43.
[3] A. Imran, “Penampilan Padi Aromatik Varietas Gilirang di Sulawesi Selatan,” Bul. Plasma Nutfah, vol. 9, no. Balitpa, pp. 7–9, 2003, Accessed: Aug. 24, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://www.ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn/article/view/6063.
[4] A. Imran and N. Suriany, “Penampilan dan Produktivitas Padi Hibrida Sl-8-SHS di Kabupaten Pinrang Sulawesi Selatan,” Bul. Plasma Nutfah, vol. 15, no. 2, p. 54, Oct. 2016, doi: 10.21082/blpn.v15n2.2009.p54-58.
[5] A. Ginting, “Kontribusi Usahatani Padi Dan Usaha Sapi Potong Terhadap Pendapatan Keluarga Petani Di Kecamatan Purwodadi Kabupaten Grobogan,” 2012. Accessed: Aug. 24, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://eprints.undip.ac.id/42347/.
[6] I. S. Dewi, E. G. Lestari, , C., and R. Yunita, “Penampilan Galur Harapan Mutan Dihaploid Padi Tipe Baru di Sulawesi Selatan,” J. Agron. Indones. (Indonesian J. Agron., vol. 43, no. 2, p. 89, 2015, doi: 10.24831/jai.v43i2.10408.
[7] Y. Limbongan and F. Djufry, “Karakterisasi dan Observasi Lima Aksesi Padi Lokal Dataran Tinggi Toraja, Sulawesi Selatan,” Bul. Plasma Nutfah, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 61–70, 2015, Accessed: Aug. 24, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://103.213.119.214/index.php/bpn/article/view/5198.
[8] S. H. Amrullah, “Pengendalian Hayati (Biocontrol): Pemanfaatan Serangga Predator sebagai Musuh Alami untuk Serangga Hama (Sebuah Review),” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biodiversitas Indonesia, 2019, pp. 87–90, Accessed: Aug. 25, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/psb/article/view/11890/8213.
[9] A. Dian, T. Kusuma, A. K. Parawansa, and S. Subaedah, “EFEKTIVITAS BEBERAPA JENIS BIOINSEKTISIDA TERHADAP KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN POPULASI ARTHROPODA PADA EKOSISTEM PADI SAWAH (Effectiveness of Several Types of Bioinsecticides on Arthropod Diversity and Population in Rice Field Ecosystems) 1),” Agrotek, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 194–210, 2019, Accessed: Aug. 16, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://jurnal.fp.umi.ac.id/index.php/agrotek/article/view/85.
[10] A. Djunaedy, “Biopestisida Sebagai Pengendali Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman ( Opt ) Yang Ramah Lingkungan,” Embryo, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 88–95, 2009, Accessed: Aug. 16, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://pertanian.trunojoyo.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/9JUNED-EMBRYO-1.pdf.
[11] C. L. Salaki and J. Pelealu, “PEMANFAATAN BIOPESTISIDA RAMAH LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP HAMA Leptocorisa acuta TANAMAN PADI SAWAH UTILIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY BIOPESTICIDE AGAINST Leptocorisa,” EUGENIA, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 127–134, 2015, Accessed: Aug. 24, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://www.bps.go.id/tnmn_pgn.php?kat=3.
[12] E. Tando, “Review : Potensi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder dalam Sirsak ( Annona Murricata ) dan Srikaya ( Annona squamosa ) sebagai Pestisida Nabati untuk Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit pada Tanaman,” J. Biotropika, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 21–27, 2018, Accessed: Aug. 28, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/089b/3c6cdcb8c476c6a55c4bd4c0db59d03ad142.pdf.
[13] Sumartini, “Biopestisida untuk Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit Aneka Kacang dan Umbi,” Iptek Tanam. Pangan2, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 159–165, 2016, Accessed: Aug. 28, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://103.213.119.214/index.php/ippan/article/view/6089.
[14] F. Amroini, “Toksisitas Campuran Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper Betle L.) dengan Ekstrak Biji Sirsak (Annona Muricata L.) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti L. dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Buku Ilmiah Populer,” 2016.
[15] D. Susanti, R. Widyastuti, A. Sulistyo, and A. Sulistyo, “Aktifitas Anteefedant dan Antioviposisi Ekstrak Daun Thitonia Terhadap Kutu Kebul Aktivitas Antifeedant dan Antioviposisi Ekstrak Daun Tithonia terhadap Kutu Kebul Antifeedant and Anti-oviposition Activities of Tithonia Leaf Extract to Giant Whitefly,” Agrosains, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 33–38, 2015, Accessed: Aug. 28, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/agrosains/article/view/18666.
[16] M. A. E. M. Sihombing and S. Samino, “Daya Repelensi Biopestisida Terhadap Walang Sangit ( Leptocorisa oratorius , Fabricus ) di Laboratorium,” J. Biotropika, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 99–103, 2015, Accessed: Aug. 16, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://biotropika.ub.ac.id/index.php/biotropika/article/view/364.
[17] A. Prakash, J. Rao, and V. Nandagopal, “Future of botanical pesticides in rice, wheat, pulses and vegetables pest management,” J. Biopestic., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 154–169, 2008, Accessed: Aug. 28, 2020. [Online]. Available: http://www.jbiopest.com/users/lw8/efiles/anand prakash_4_1.pdf.
[18] M. T. Sutriadi, E. S. Harsanti, S. Wahyuni, and A. Wihardjaka, “Pestisida Nabati: Prospek Pengendali Hama Ramah Lingkungan,” J. Sumberd. Lahan, vol. 13, no. 2, p. 89, 2019, doi: 10.21082/jsdl.v13n2.2019.89-101.
[19] D. R. Vudem, N. R. Poduri, and V. R. Khareedu, Pest and Pathogens: Management Strategies. Hyderabad, India: BS Publications, 2011.
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Published
2020-08-29
How to Cite
[1]
S. H. Amrullah and Herdiati, “Efektivitas Ekstrak Biji dan Daun Sirsak untuk Pengendalian Hama Walang Sangit pada Tanaman Padi”, CJBS, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 26–32, Aug. 2020.
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