Analisis Sifat Fisik Bioselulosa Berbahan Dasar Limbah Pulp Kakao
Keywords:
Limbah pulp kakao; Sifat fisik bioselulosa; Lama penyimpanan limbah pulp kakao; Senyawa dalam bioselulosaAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik bioselulosa yang diproduksi dengan menggunakan bahan dasar limbah pulp kakao. Sifat fisik yang diamati meliputi berat basah, ketebalan nata, rendemen selulosa, dan struktur selulosa yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan masing-masing tiga kali pengulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas lama penyimpanan pulp kakao (limbah pulp kakao segar, limbah pulp kakao yang disimpan 3 hari, dan limbah pulp kakao yang sudah disimpan 5 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah pulp kakao yang terbentuk berwarna kuning keruh. Bioselulosa yang paling tebal dan berat basah tertinggi dijumpai pada perlakuan limbah pulp yang disimpan selama 3 hari (1,11 cm dan 446,33 g). Rendemen selulosa tertinggi (31,87%) diperoleh pada limbah pulp segar. Bioselulosa dari limbah pulp kakao terdapat senyawa SiO2, SO3, K2O, dan Na2O
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References
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[2] R. Melliawati, “Bahan baku alternatif pembuatan bioselulosa,” BioTrends, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1-3, 2015.
[3] E. Tsouko, C. Kourmentza, D. Ladakis, N. Kopsahelis, I. Mandala, S. Papanikolau, F. Paloukis, V. Alves, and A. Koutinas, “Bacterial cellulose production from industrial waste and by-product streams,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 16, pp. 14832-14849, 2015.
[4] S. Masaoka, T. Ohe, and N. Sakota, “Production of cellulose from glucose by Acetobacter xylinum,” Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering, vol. 75, pp. 18-22, 1993.
[5] T. Oikawa, T. Morino, and M. Ameyama, “Production of cellulose from D-arabitol by Acetobacter xylinum KU-1,” Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, vol. 59, pp. 1564-1565, 1995.
[6] T. Oikawa, T. Ohtori, and M. Ameyama, “Production of cellulose from D-mannitol by Acetobacter xylinum KU-1,” Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, vol. 59, pp. 331-332, 1995.
[7] P. Ross, R. Mayer, and M. Benzimann, “Cellulose biosynthesis and functions in bacteria,” Microbiological Reviews, vol. 55, pp. 35-58, 1991.
[8] R. Barlina, “Bioselulosa dari nata de coco sebagai bahan baku edible film,” Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Industri, vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 1-4, 2014.
[9] S. S. Afreen and B. Lokeshappa, “Production of bacterial cellulose from Acetobacter xylinum using fruits wastes as substrate” The International Journal of Science and Technoledge, vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 57-64, 2016.
[10] N. Herawaty and M. A. Moulina, “Kajian variasi konsentrasi sukrosa terhadap karakteristik nata timun suri (Cucumis sativus L.),” Agritepa, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 89-104, 2015.
[11] D. Ratnawati, “Kajian variasi kadar glukosa dan derajat keasaman (pH) pada pembuatan nata de citrus dari jeruk asam (Citrus lemon L.),” Jurnal Gradien, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 257-261, 2007.
[12] N. Setyaningtyas, A. Kusrijadi, and A. Suryatna, “Pembuatan nata de cassava dari kulit singkong menggunakan sumber nitrogen ekstrak tauge dan kacang hijau,” Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Kimia, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 124-131, 2014.
[13] N. Arifiani, T. A. Sani, and A. S. Utami, “Peningkatan kualitas nata de cane dari limbah nira tebu metode budchips dengan penambahan ekstrak tauge sebagai sumber nitrogen,” Bioteknologi, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 29-33, 2015.
[14] A. Sutanto, “Pineapple liquid waste as nata de pina raw material,” Makara Teknologi, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 63-67, 2012.
[15] S. Sutiyani, Wignyanto, and Sukardi, “Pemanfaatan limbah cair (whey) industri tahu menjadi nata de soya dan kecap berdasarkan perbandingan nilai ekonomi produksi,” Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 70-83, 2003.
[16] D. A. A. Elisabeth, “Nata de kakao: memanfaatkan limbah menyelamatkan lingkungan,” Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 6-7, 2006.
[17] Suharjono, T. Ardyati, E. Zubaidah, Munawaroh, and C. Pradani, “Produksi selulosa bakterial dari air buah kelapa dalam berbagai konsentrasi sukrosa dan urea,” Prosiding Seminar Nasional VIII Pendidikan Biologi, pp.124-128, 2011.
[18] M. Florea, B. Reeve, J. Abbott, P. S. Freemont, and T. Ellis, “Genome sequence and plasmid transformation of the model high-yield bacterial cellulose producer Gluconacetobacter hansenii ATCC 53582,” Scientific Reports, vol. 6, no. 23635, pp.1-9, 2016.
[19] Misgiyarta, “Teknologi pembuatan nata de coco,” Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pasca Panen Pertanian Bogor, 2007.
[20] B. Hastuti and S. Hadi, “Pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi gula terhadap kualitas nata de soya dari limbah cair tahu,” Makalah Seminar Nasional Kimia Jurusan Pendidikan FMIPA UNY, pp. 1-8, 2009.
[21] P. R. Chawla, I. B. Bajaj, S. A. Survase, and R. S. Singhal, “Microbial cellulose: fermentative production and applications,” Food Technology and Biotechnology, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 107-124, 2009.
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Published
2020-08-28
How to Cite
[1]
E. P. Tenriawaru, P. D. Kasi, and I. Supu, “Analisis Sifat Fisik Bioselulosa Berbahan Dasar Limbah Pulp Kakao”, CJBS, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 6–11, Aug. 2020.
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